Part 1 - Introduction: AI is already everywhere

Lecturer: Jari Laru (Learning and Learning Processes Research Unit, University of Oulu)

Institution: University of Oulu, Finland

Runtime: 00:14:27

Licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0

Upload:  11.11.2024

Description

In the first part of the lecture, Jari Laru explores the impact of AI on education, specifically its role as a tool for teachers, students and administrators, highlighting how AI is now deeply integrated into everyday life as an essential utility. Various organisations, such as UNESCO and the European Union, have developed resources to address the ethical and practical uses of AI, while major tech companies are working to manage its potential dangers.

Jari Laru examines the influence of generative AI models such as Chat GPT, emphasising their differences from traditional AI. While traditional AI is embedded in systems like social media algorithms, generative AI has introduced new functions and challenges. He discusses the ethical issues including the biases introduced by AI’s training data. 

The video was recorded on 08 May 2024 as part of the TESTEd lecture series. It is the first part of a four-part series on “Will AI replace the Teacher? Digitalization of learning environments”.

Show notes

• Jari Laru: https://www.oulu.fi/en/researchers/jari-laru
• https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLWuYED1WVJIPHJLk84wWQbzeZcWLt5rwU
• Artificial Ingelligence: https://www.unesco.org/en/artificial-intelligence
• Susanna Ray ”10 AI Terms everyone should know ”: https://msft.it/604197BGR
• Elizabeth Koh & Shayan Doroudi. (2023) Learning, teaching, and assessment with generative artificial intelligence: towards a plateau of productivity.Learning: Research and Practice 9:2, pages 109-116.
• Macgilchrist, F., Allert, H., Cerratto Pargman, T.et al. Designing Postdigital Futures: Which Designs? Whose Futures?. Postdigit Sci Educ (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-022-00389-y
• ”Artificial intelligence is a good servant but a poor master – how are algorithms changing our society and daily lives?”: https://www.helsinki.fi/en/news/artificial-intelligence/artificial-intelligence-good-servant-poor-master-how-are-algorithms-changing-our-society-and-daily-lives
• Centre for the Governance of AI: https://www.governance.ai/
• Frontier Model Forum: https://www.frontiermodelforum.org/
• Frontier AI Regulation: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/372234303_Frontier_AI_Regulation_Managing_Emerging_Risks_to_Public_Safety
• Sharples (2023). Generative AI for Teaching, Learning and Assessment Opportunities and issues. Institute of Educational Technology The Open University. https://www.slideshare.net/sharplem/generative-ai-for-teaching-learning-and-assessment
• Fujiyoshi, Hironobu & Hirakawa, Tsubasa & Yamashita, Takayoshi. (2019). Deep learning-based image recognition for autonomous driving. IATSS Research. 43. 10.1016/j.iatssr.2019.11.008.
• Otterbacher, Jahna. (2023). Why technical solutions for detecting AI-generated content in research and education are insufficient. Patterns. 4. 100796. 10.1016/j.patter.2023.100796.
• Laru, P. Näykki and S. Järvelä, “Four Stages of Research on the Educational Use of Ubiquitous Computing,” inIEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 69-82, 1 Jan.-March 2015, doi: 10.1109/TLT.2014.2360862.
• Chat GPT 4: https://openai.com/index/gpt-4/
• OpenAI DevDay: Opening Keynote https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U9mJuUkhUzk
• Generative Ai for teaching: https://www.slideshare.net/sharplem/generative-ai-for-teaching-learning-and-assessment
• Omiye, J.A., Lester, J.C., Spichak, S.et al. Large language models propagate race-based medicine. npj Digit. Med. 6, 195 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-023-00939-z

Part 2 - AI in education

Lecturer: Jari Laru (Learning and Learning Processes Research Unit, University of Oulu)

Institution: University of Oulu, Finland

Runtime: 00:22:31

Licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0

Upload:  11.11.2024

Description

In the second part of the lecture, Jari Laru discusses how AI can enhance education if it is used thoughtfully, as a supportive tool rather than a threat, urging a shift in assignment design to encourage critical thinking.

Jari Laru presents AI literacy as a 21st century skill, essential alongside digital literacy. With tools like Finland’s Generation AI project, educators can teach students basic AI and cybersecurity concepts, helping them to engage with AI responsibly. Ultimately, the role of AI in education is to support teaching, enabling more personalised, interactive and competency-based learning.

The video was recorded on 08 May 2024 as part of the TESTEd lecture series. It is the second part of a four-part series on “Will AI replace the Teacher? Digitalization of learning environments”.

Show notes

• Sharples (2023). Generative AI for Teaching, Learning and Assessment Opportunities and issues. Institute of Educational Technology The Open University. https://www.slideshare.net/sharplem/generative-ai-for-teaching-learning-and-assessment
• Otterbacher, Jahna. (2023). Why technical solutions for detecting AI-generated content in research and education are insufficient. Patterns. 4. 100796. 10.1016/j.patter.2023.100796.
• Liang, Weixin & Yuksekgonul, Mert & Mao, Yining & Wu, Eric & Zou, James. (2023). GPT detectors are biased against non-native English writers.
• Practical Pedogogy: https://www.routledge.com/Practical-Pedagogy-40-New-Ways-to-Teach-and-Learn/Sharples/p/book/9781138599819
• Ng, D.T.K., Leung, J.K.L., Su, J.et al. Teachers’ AI digital competencies and twenty-first century skills in the post-pandemic world. Education Tech Research Dev 71, 137–161 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-023-10203-6
• AI in education: https://corp.oup.com/feature/ai-in-education-where-we-are-and-what-happens-next/
• Unesdoc Digital Library:https://unesdoc.unesco.org/search/a61477bc-35d6-40f6-8692-7c3c75a404c9
• European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Vuorikari, R., Kluzer, S., Punie, Y.,DigComp 2.2, The Digital Competence framework for citizens – With new examples of knowledge, skills and attitudes, Publications Office of the European Union, 2022, https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2760/115376
• European Commission, Directorate-General for Education, Youth, Sport and Culture,Ethical guidelines on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and data in teaching and learning for educators, Publications Office of the European Union, 2022, https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2766/153756
• AI for education: Resources and learning opportunities: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/training/educator-center/topics/ai-for-education

• Project Generation AI: https://www.generation-ai-stn.fi/

• Kreinsen, M., & Schulz, S. (2023). Towards the Triad of Digital Literacy, Data Literacy and AI Literacy in Teacher Education–A Discussion in Light of the Accessibility of Novel Generative AI.
• Valtonen, T., Vartiainen, H., Tedre, M., Toivonen, T., Kokko, A., Kahila, J., Jormanainen, I. & Piispa-Hakala, S. (2021). Oppilaat digitalisoituneen yhteiskunnan toimijoina. Kasvatus 52(1), 108–113. https://doi.org/10.33348/kvt.107970
• AI4K12 Sparking Curiosity in AI: https://ai4k12.org/
• Machine Learning for Kids: https://machinelearningforkids.co.uk/
• Dancing with AI: https://dancingwithai.media.mit.edu/
• MIT Raise: https://raise.mit.edu/
• MIT App Inventor: https://appinventor.mit.edu/explore/ai-with-mit-app-inventor
• org: https://code.org/
• AI for teachers: https://www.aiforteachers.org/
• Pope, Nicolas; Kahila, Juho; Vartiainen, Henriikka; Tedre, Matti (2023). Children’s AI Design Platform for Making and Deploying ML-Driven Apps. TechRxiv. Preprint. https://doi.org/10.36227/techrxiv.24320794.v1
• Long, D., & Magerko, B. (2020, April). What is AI literacy? Competencies and design considerations. InProceedings of the 2020 CHI conference on human factors in computing systems (pp. 1-16).

Part 3 - The future is on the researcher´s desk

Lecturer: Jari Laru (Learning and Learning Processes Research Unit, University of Oulu)

Institution: University of Oulu, Finland

Runtime: 00:16:14

Licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0

Upload:  11.11.2024

Description

In the third part, Jari Laru explores the evolving role of AI in education, looking at how generative AI can enhance teaching and learning without replacing educators. He discusses different AI applications for student centered, teacher-centered, and institutional use, highlighting generative AI tools like Chat GPT that are reshaping classrooms and prompting new privacy and ethical considerations.

Jari Laru also looks at innovations such as AI-powered tutors, recommendation systems and personalized learning environments that adapt to students’ needs. Tools such as Microsoft’s Reading Coach are paving the way for personalized, prompt-free learning experiences.

The video was recorded on 08 May 2024 as part of the TESTEd lecture series. It is the third part of a four-part series on “Will AI replace the Teacher? Digitalization of learning environments”.

Show notes

• Project Generation AI: https://www.generation-ai-stn.fi/
• Holmes, W., &Tuomi, I. (2022). State of the art and practice in AI in education. European Journal of Education, 57, 542-570.
  https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12533
• Molenaar, I. (2021). Personalisation of learning: Towards hybrid human-AI learning technologies. OECD digital education outlook, 57-77.
• Artificial Intelligence: https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/computers-and-education-artificial-intelligence/special-issue/10CQ30XJMHF
• MikeSharples (2023) Towards social generative AI for education: theory, practices and ethics, Learning: Research and Practice, 9:2, 159-167, DOI: 1080/23735082.2023.2261131
• Lodge, Jason & Yang, Suijing & Furze, Leon & Dawson, Phillip. (2023). It’s not like a calculator, so what is the relationship between learners and generative artificial intelligence?. Learning: Research and Practice. 9. 1-8. 10.1080/23735082.2023.2261106.
• GenAi: https://sites.google.com/monash.edu/genai-la-workshop-lak24
• Hernández-Leo, P. J. Muñoz-Merino, M. L. Bote-Lorenzo, D. Gašević and S. Järvelä, “Editorial Technologies for Data-Driven Interventions in Smart Learning Environments,” inIEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 378-381, 1 June 2023, doi: 10.1109/TLT.2023.3275728.
• Dever, Daryn & Sonnenfeld, Nathan & Wiedbusch, Megan & Schmorrow, Grace & Amon, Mary Jean & Azevedo, Roger. (2023). A complex systems approach to analyzing pedagogical agents’ scaffolding of self-regulated learning within an intelligent tutoring system. Metacognition and Learning. 1-33. 10.1007/s11409-023-09346-x.
• Research to improve human and Artificial Intelligence Interaction: https://www.oulu.fi/fi/uutiset/tutkimusta-ihmisen-ja-tekoalyn-vuorovaikutuksen-parantamiseksi
• Genaration Ai Project: https://www.generation-ai-stn.fi/tilannekuva-2022-tiivistelma/

Part 4 - One example of GenAI: Teachable Machine

Lecturer: Jari Laru (Learning and Learning Processes Research Unit, University of Oulu)

Institution: University of Oulu, Finland

Runtime: 00:22:31

Licence: CC-BY-SA 4.0

Upload:  11.11.2024

Description

In the fourth part of the lecture, Jari Laru demonstrates the GenAI Teachable Machine and shows how to build a simple AI model that classifies images.

Jari Laru shows ways to customise the AI model by adding sounds, images and videos, allowing for flexibility in applications. He highlights the privacy features of Teachable Machine, which can store data locally to comply with GDPR requirements, making it ideal for secure educational use, explaining that the tool is released under the MIT licence, allowing free and customisable use with full access to the source code on GitHub.

The video was recorded on 08 May 2024 as part of the TESTEd lecture series. It is the fourth part of a four-part series on “Will AI replace the Teacher? Digitalization of learning environments”.

Show notes

• Project Generation AI: https://www.generation-ai-stn.fi/
• GenAI teachable machine for the classroom: https://tm.generation-ai-stn.fi/image/general
• Source Code: https://github.com/knicos/genai-tm